Laws by state and product

Alabama PSC Docket 32694 (charging stations not public utilities)

An entity that owns, operates, leases or controls EV charging stations is not defined as a public utility. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Jun 22, 2018.

SB 1419

Requires residential solar contracts to disclose costs, savings assumptions, and warranties, including inverter and battery warranties. Lease payments cannot start before the utility grants permission to operate. Contractors must evaluate the roof before installation and meet the registrar's training standards.

Source: Arizona State Legislature · Laws 2026, Chapter 175 (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Jun 19, 2026. In force from Sep 12, 2026.

A.A.C. R4-36-201

Adopts the 2024 International Fire Code, with state amendments, as the State Fire Code. Its energy systems chapter covers battery storage and solar where the State Fire Code applies.

Source: Arizona Secretary of State · Arizona Administrative Code, Title 4, Chapter 36 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Apr 13, 2026.

Chino Valley Ordinance 2025-956

Allows rooftop solar on homes and parking structures, and battery storage at homes and businesses only when stored energy is used on site. Uses not listed as permitted in a zoning district are not allowed.

Source: Town of Chino Valley · Ordinance No. 2025-956 (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Sep 23, 2025.

Arizona Public Service battery pilot

Approves an Arizona Public Service pilot that pays up to 5,000 home battery owners $110 per kW a year for up to 60 grid events. Events run from 4 to 10 in the evening, May through October.

Source: Arizona Corporation Commission · News release, Mar 13, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Mar 12, 2025.

A.A.C. R4-9-102

Defines commercial contractor license classes; electrical work under 600 volts falls under C-11, and no class covers solar electric or battery work specifically. Classes that name solar cover plumbing, water heating, cooling, pool, and boiler work.

Source: Arizona Secretary of State · Arizona Administrative Code, Title 4, Chapter 9 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Nov 5, 2017.

A.R.S. 11-254.07

Lets county boards of supervisors create renewable energy incentive districts for utility-scale renewable and storage equipment. District plans may offer faster zoning and permits, and waivers of fees or standards.

Source: Arizona State Legislature · Arizona Revised Statutes (opens in a new tab)

A.R.S. 28-876 (EV parking space enforcement)

Only electric vehicles with alternative fuel plate or sticker may park in designated EV charging spaces; civil penalty of at least $350. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

A.R.S. 42-14155

Requires the Department of Revenue to value utility-scale renewable and storage equipment at 20 percent of depreciated cost for property tax through Dec 31, 2040. Stand-alone and colocated storage both qualify.

Source: Arizona State Legislature · Arizona Revised Statutes (opens in a new tab)

A.R.S. 44-1763

Requires sale and lease agreements for distributed energy generation systems to disclose major components, such as batteries, and their warranties. They must also disclose total costs, maintenance, and savings assumptions. Buyers may rescind within three business days, and lease payments cannot start before the utility grants permission to operate.

Source: Arizona State Legislature · Arizona Revised Statutes (opens in a new tab)

Salt River Project requirements

Requires battery systems in Salt River Project's residential program to be Listed to UL 9540, with inverters that meet UL 1741 and IEEE 1547. Customers must take a customer generation price plan and sign an interconnection agreement.

Source: Salt River Project · Residential Distributed Energy Resource Program Requirements (opens in a new tab)

Tucson Electric Power interconnection

Requires utility approval before construction and permission to operate before a home solar or storage system is energized. Inverters must meet IEEE 1547 and be Listed to UL 1741, and storage follows the utility's SR-710 requirements. Applications filed before Oct 1 each year lock in the Resource Comparison Proxy export rate then in effect.

Source: Tucson Electric Power · Residential interconnection (opens in a new tab)

Arkansas PSC Docket 22-026-TF Order 8 (utility EV charging deployment)

Investor-owned utilities may own public DC fast chargers; must let site hosts install meters to measure electricity sold, use pre-qualified vendors, and file annual reports. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

AB 2493

Covers utility interconnection and a transmission development monitor at the Public Utilities Commission.

Source: Office of the Governor of California · Legislative update dated Sep 30, 2026 (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Sep 30, 2026.

SB 913

Covers resource adequacy for aggregated distributed energy resources.

Source: Office of the Governor of California · Legislative update dated Sep 30, 2026 (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Sep 30, 2026.

CEC Demand Side Grid Support Program Guidelines

Pays customers who cut net load during extreme grid events. Option 3 covers behind-the-meter batteries run together as a virtual power plant. The Energy Commission approved this edition on Apr 27, 2026.

Source: California Energy Commission · Docket entry for the guidelines (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Apr 27, 2026.

SMUD Engineering Specification T014

Allows only utility-approved meter socket adapters, on single-meter residential services of 200 amps or less, with exports capped at 20 kW. Requires a production meter for all distributed generation and sets approved solar and battery connection options.

Source: Sacramento Municipal Utility District · SMUD Engineering Specification T014, Revision 7, dated Feb 19, 2026 (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Feb 19, 2026.

2025 California Electrical Code

Sets the statewide electrical code, with California amendments, effective Jan 1, 2026.

Source: California Building Standards Commission · Title 24 codes page (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jan 1, 2026.

2025 California Energy Code

Requires solar on new single-family, multifamily, and nonresidential buildings. Requires battery storage on new high-rise multifamily and nonresidential buildings that must install solar.

Source: California Energy Commission · Business Meeting backup packet, Jun 11, 2025, Docket 25-BSTD-02 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jan 1, 2026.

2025 California Fire Code

Applies State Fire Marshal changes to Chapters 3, 12, and 80 of the California Fire Code to battery facilities from Jan 1, 2026. The changes were adopted Mar 7, 2025 and draw on the 2023 edition of NFPA 855.

Source: California Governor's Office of Business and Economic Development · State Battery Storage Safety Collaborative page (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jan 1, 2026.

2025 California Residential Code

Sets the statewide residential building code effective Jan 1, 2026.

Source: California Building Standards Commission · Title 24 codes page (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jan 1, 2026.

AB 1285

Covers State Fire Marshal guidance for lithium-ion battery facilities (Chapter 637, Statutes of 2025).

Source: California Governor's Office of Emergency Services · Final disposition of 2025 bills (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Oct 11, 2025. In force from Jan 1, 2026.

SB 283

Requires battery storage developers to consult local fire authorities before applying and to pass a local fire safety inspection before operating. Owners pay inspection costs, and the state must review facility configurations.

Source: California State Senate, Office of Senator Laird · Press release dated Oct 8, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Oct 6, 2025. In force from Jan 1, 2026.

CPUC Decision D.25-12-003

Closes ratepayer-funded self-generation incentives to new applications after Dec 30, 2025 and returns unallocated funds to ratepayers. State-funded incentives stay open to Jun 30, 2028, and low-income residential customers need not join demand response.

Source: California Public Utilities Commission · CPUC Decision D.25-12-003 (R.20-05-012) (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Dec 4, 2025.

SB 710

Keeps the property tax exclusion for active solar energy systems built before Jan 1, 2027 until the property changes ownership.

Source: Office of the Governor of California · Legislative update dated Oct 3, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Oct 3, 2025.

CPUC Resolution E-5364

Sets the bill savings estimate in the Contractors State License Board's Solar Energy System Disclosure Document to the 12 months after installation. From Nov 1, 2025, the state's investor-owned utilities collect the updated document with residential interconnection applications.

Source: California Public Utilities Commission · CPUC Resolution E-5364 (Energy Division own motion; Agenda ID 23299) (opens in a new tab)

In force from Mar 13, 2025.

CPUC Resolution ESRB-13

Requires energy storage owners to meet maintenance, operation, logbook, emergency planning, and incident reporting standards under General Order 167-C. Full requirements apply at 50 MW and above, and customer-sited storage is excluded.

Source: California Public Utilities Commission · CPUC Resolution ESRB-13 (General Order 167-C) (opens in a new tab)

In force from Mar 13, 2025.

H&S Code 44268 and 44268.2 (open access and payment standards)

Public chargers: no membership or subscription required, price disclosed at point of sale, contactless/phone payment, OCPP billing, data reporting; DC fast chargers must support Plug and Charge. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Sep 27, 2024.

Gov. Code 65850.7 and 65850.71 (expedited EV charger permitting)

Cities and counties must adopt streamlined permitting for chargers with deemed approval; deadlines Sept 30 2025 for jurisdictions over 250,000 population and Sept 30 2028 for smaller ones. residential, commercial, public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Sep 25, 2024.

Distributed Electricity Backup Assets Program Guidelines

Funds incentives for cleaner and more efficient distributed energy assets that provide on-call emergency supply or load reduction during extreme events.

Source: California Energy Commission · Distributed Electricity Backup Assets Program Guidelines, First Edition (CEC-300-2023-005), under AB 205 (2022) (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Oct 18, 2023.

CALGreen (Title 24 Part 11) EV charger building standards; H&S Code 18941.10, 18941.11, 18941.17

New single-family and townhomes need conduit for Level 2; new multifamily and hotels need 40% of spaces EV-capable and 10% with Level 2 chargers; public lots have tiered EV-capable and installed-charger minimums plus accessibility counts. residential, multifamily, commercial.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Sep 16, 2022.

CPUC Emergency Load Reduction Program

Funds payments of $2 per kWh for nonresidential load reduction during grid emergencies, through 2027. Battery aggregators and exporting solar-plus-storage customers may take part.

Source: California Public Utilities Commission · CPUC Emergency Load Reduction Program (pilot), most recently updated by D.23-12-005 (opens in a new tab)

In force from May 1, 2021.

Electric Rule 21 Section Hh

Requires inverters on interconnecting distributed resources to perform seven autonomous functions from Sep 8, 2017. Later phases added communication and advanced functions under Rule 21 Section Hh.

Source: California Public Utilities Commission · Electric Rule 21 Section Hh (smart inverter requirements); CPUC D.14-12-035 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Sep 8, 2017.

16 CCR Secs. 810, 832.10, and 832.46

Allows electrical contractors to install battery storage systems. Solar contractors may install storage only as part of a solar installation and only up to 80 kWh.

Source: Contractors State License Board · Order of Adoption (opens in a new tab)

22 CCR Sec. 66261.9 and Div. 4.5, Ch. 23

Allows solar modules, and batteries that are hazardous waste, to be managed as universal waste under simpler handling rules. Generators must send them to a handler, a transporter, or an authorized foreign destination.

Source: Department of Toxic Substances Control · 22 CCR Sec. 66261.9 and Title 22, Division 4.5, Chapter 23 (universal waste); authority Health and Safety Code Sec. 25259 (SB 489, Chapter 419, Statutes of 2015) (opens in a new tab)

AB 1104

Allows net-metered solar and paired storage projects to keep tariff eligibility after a contractor's wage violation once workers are repaid and penalties paid. It also narrows public works rules for these projects while keeping prevailing wage.

Source: California State Senate, Committee on Energy, Utilities and Communications · Analysis of May 5, 2025 version, hearing Jul 7, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

AB 130

Enacts a six-year moratorium on new state and local building standards affecting residential units, and limits code proposals in intervening cycles.

Source: California Building Standards Commission · Information Bulletin 25-05, dated Nov 26, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

AB 205

Allows storage projects of 200 MWh or more to seek state energy commission certification in lieu of local permits. The commission must decide within 270 days of a complete application.

Source: California Energy Commission · AB 205 (Ting), Chapter 61, Statutes of 2022; Pub. Res. Code Sec. 25545.1; 20 CCR Sec. 1882 (opens in a new tab)

CEC EV charger reliability and data standards regulations (AB 2061)

97 percent uptime for publicly funded DC fast chargers installed on or after 2024-01-01; networked chargers installed on or after 2026-09-28 must use OCPP 2.0.1. Excludes single-family homes and multifamily under four units. public chargers.

Source: energy.ca.gov (opens in a new tab)

“Chargers must meet a 97 percent uptime standard, with certain exclusions.”

Civ. Code 1947.6 (tenant EV charging)

Tenants may request a charging station at their parking space; landlord must approve a reasonable request but need not provide a space. Weaker than owner protections. multifamily, rental.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov (opens in a new tab)

Civ. Code 4745 (HOA/common interest right to charge)

Associations may not prohibit or unreasonably restrict an owner from installing an EV charging station in the owner's parking space or common area; owner pays cost and insurance. multifamily, condo and HOA owners.

Source: leginfo.legislature.ca.gov (opens in a new tab)

Electric Rule 21

Requires customers installing generation or storage on their premises to meet the large utilities' interconnection, operating, and metering requirements. It covers all net metering and non-export facilities.

Source: California Public Utilities Commission · Electric Rule 21 (PG&E, SCE, and SDG&E tariffs) (opens in a new tab)

SB 1383

Requires energy storage systems, including third-party-owned systems, to meet the commission's operation and maintenance standards, and expands commission audits and inspections of storage facilities.

Source: California State Senate, Committee on Energy, Utilities and Communications · SB 283 analysis, existing law section (opens in a new tab)

SB 379

Requires cities and counties to offer online, automated permitting for residential solar and solar-plus-storage systems and to report permit data annually. Duties depend on population, and some jurisdictions are exempt.

Source: California Energy Commission · SB 379 (Wiener), Chapter 356, Statutes of 2022 (opens in a new tab)

SB 38

Requires each battery energy storage facility in the state to have an emergency response plan and an emergency action plan covering its premises.

Source: California State Senate, Committee on Energy, Utilities and Communications · Analysis of Mar 22, 2023 version (opens in a new tab)

SB 868 Plug Into the Sun Act (Plug and Play Solar Act)

Lets a dwelling use plug-in solar devices without utility interconnection approval, fees or permission. Up to 1,200 W total AC per dwelling; UL or equivalent certification; interconnection exemption sunsets 2030 per news.

Source: pv-magazine.com (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Sep 30, 2026. Takes effect Jan 1, 2027.

CPUC Rulemaking R.25-08-004

Studies refinements to Rule 21 interconnection rules for distributed energy resources at the large and small utilities. No new rule is shown yet.

Source: California Public Utilities Commission · CPUC Rulemaking R.25-08-004 (opens in a new tab)

Under review since Aug 20, 2025.

2028 Energy Code rulemaking

Studies updates to the Energy Code, which sets solar and battery requirements for new buildings. Proposed standards are planned for 2027 adoption and Jan 1, 2029 effect.

Source: California Energy Commission · 2028 Energy Code rulemaking, Docket 25-BSTD-03 (Title 24, Part 6) (opens in a new tab)

State Fire Marshal 2025 Intervening Cycle proposal for Part 9

Proposes adopting the most recent edition of NFPA 855 into the Fire Code's storage system rules, citing SB 283.

Source: California Building Standards Commission · State Fire Marshal initial statement of reasons, 2025 Intervening Cycle (opens in a new tab)

HB26-1007 portable-scale solar and meter collar adapters

Bars utilities from requiring approval for portable-scale solar devices, voids unreasonable restrictions, and orders PUC rule changes by Dec 31, 2026 allowing meter collar adapters. News reports up to 1,920 W and listing by a national lab; fiscal note and bill page did not confirm.

Source: leg.colorado.gov (opens in a new tab)

“takes effect on August 12, 2026, assuming no referendum petition is filed”

Enacted May 7, 2026. In force from Aug 12, 2026.

C.R.S. 8-20-107 (retail EV charging standards)

Division of Oil and Public Safety must adopt rules on specifications, tolerances and methods of sale for publicly accessible chargers by 2026-07-01. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted May 24, 2025. In force from Jul 1, 2026.

C.R.S. 28-38.5-102, 30-28-213, 31-23-316 (local EV charger permitting)

Counties over 20,000 residents must adopt a permitting ordinance at or below the CEO model code, an objective administrative review, or keep current process by 2025-12-31; report due 2026-03-01. residential, commercial, public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force May 9, 2024. In force from Dec 31, 2025.

C.R.S. 38-35.7-109 (new residence EV option)

Builders of new residences must offer buyers a charger, upgraded wiring, or a charger-capable outlet in the parking area. residential.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Jun 1, 2023.

C.R.S. 24-38.5-401 (model EV-ready energy code)

Energy Code Board model code requires EV-ready or EV-capable provisions, at least 20 percent of spaces at multifamily and commercial buildings, with pre-wiring for single-family. residential, multifamily, commercial.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Jan 1, 2022.

C.R.S. 38-12-601 and 38-33.3-106.8 (renter and HOA right to charge)

Tenants may install a Level 1 or 2 charger at own expense; landlord may charge reasonable fee and require safety rules. Common interest communities may not restrict chargers. multifamily, rental, HOA.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of May 3, 2013.

HB 5340 (Public Act 26-127) omnibus solar bill

Omnibus solar act with provisions allowing residential use of portable plug-in solar panels.

Source: pv-magazine-usa.com (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Jun 4, 2026. In force from Oct 1, 2026.

C.G.S. 4b-77 (EV charger building standards)

New state buildings over $100,000 need Level 2 at 20 percent of spaces; new commercial and multi-unit residential with 30+ spaces must support Level 2 or DC fast at 10 percent of spaces. commercial, multifamily, state buildings.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force May 10, 2022. In force from Jan 1, 2023.

C.G.S. 47-261g (condo association right to charge)

Condo associations may not prohibit or restrict installing or using EV chargers; installer needs approval, licensed contractor, insurance, and pays costs. multifamily, condo owners.

Source: cga.ct.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force May 10, 2022. In force from Oct 1, 2022.

C.G.S. 47a-13b (tenant right to charge)

Landlord must approve tenant written request for a charger at designated parking space; phased by units owned: 250+ units 2022-10-01, 50-250 units 2023-10-01, under 50 units 2024-10-01. multifamily, rental.

Source: cga.ct.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force May 10, 2022. In force from Oct 1, 2022.

C.G.S. 16-19ggg (public charger requirements)

Public chargers that charge must offer multiple payment methods, cannot require membership, and must report location and characteristics to AFDC. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Jun 7, 2016.

Title 16 Ch. 80 (EV-capable and EV-installed new construction, SB 103)

New single-family homes need one EV-capable space from 2024-01-01; new multifamily from 2025-01-01 need chargers on 5 percent of spaces and 10 percent EV-capable. residential, multifamily.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force Aug 3, 2023. In force from Jan 1, 2024.

22 Del. C. 119 (curbside residential charger permitting)

Municipalities over 30,000 residents must have a permit procedure for curbside residential chargers: licensed electrician, owner consent, decision within 90 days. residential.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Jun 14, 2022.

SB 270 plug-in solar

Plug-in solar bill; tracker says deferred to 2027 session.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

D.C. Code 6-1451.03c, CB 25-262 (condo right to charge)

Condo associations cannot bar or substantially burden a charger in an owner's assigned space; owner uses licensed installer and pays costs. multifamily, condo owners.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Nov 22, 2024.

Curbside charging authorization and permits (AFDC 12945, 12946; EV charger deployment permits 14325)

District authorizes resident curbside charging and public curbside station permits; details not reviewed. residential, public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

D.C. Code 6-1451.03a (older 20 percent EV-ready standard)

New construction and renovation of commercial and multi-unit buildings with 3+ off-street spaces must reserve 20 percent for charging-ready infrastructure; Mayor sets specs. multifamily, commercial.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

D.C. Code 6-1451.03a to 03b, CB 25-262 (EV-ready new construction)

New single-family with off-street parking needs one Level 1 EV-ready space; commercial and multifamily with 6+ spaces from 2027-01-01: commercial 15 percent installed and 25 percent ready, multifamily 25 percent ready; more multifamily steps 2031 and 2034. residential, multifamily, commercial.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Nov 22, 2024. Takes effect Jan 1, 2027.

B26-0602 plug-in solar

Council bill on plug-in solar; tracker says in progress.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

CS/CS/CS/HB 1417 (2026)

Requires solar facility permit applicants to include site-specific erosion and sediment control plans, stormwater design standards, and certified inspections during construction.

Source: Florida Senate · CS/CS/CS/HB 1417 (2026), Ch. 2026-2, Laws of Florida; Senate companion SB 1510 (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Mar 19, 2026. In force from Jul 1, 2026.

s. 163.3205

Requires local plans to treat solar facilities, defined to include inverters and battery systems, as a permitted use in agricultural areas. Requires permit applicants to include erosion and sediment controls, 100-year storm design, and certified inspections when building solar facilities.

Source: Florida Legislature, Online Sunshine · s. 163.3205, F.S. (as amended by s. 2, ch. 2026-2) (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jul 1, 2026.

Rule 69A-73.002

Requires energy storage systems to comply with NFPA 855, 2023 Edition, and the Florida Fire Prevention Code, with a state amendment to section 4.8.2.2.

Source: Florida Department of State · Florida Administrative Register, Mar 31, 2025 issue, Chapter 69A-73 rule text (opens in a new tab)

In force from Aug 24, 2025.

HB 683 (2025)

Allows private providers to handle solar energy and energy storage installations as single-trade plans reviews and inspections, including automated or software-based plans review. Requires local officials to issue permits within set times after certain single-trade plans reviews.

Source: Florida Senate · HB 683 (2025), Ch. 2025-140, Laws of Florida (opens in a new tab)

Signed into law Jun 13, 2025. In force from Jul 1, 2025.

Rule 61G20-1.001

Requires construction statewide, including electrical and energy systems such as solar and battery installations, to meet the Florida Building Code, 8th Edition (2023).

Source: Florida Department of State · Florida Administrative Code, rule 61G20-1.001 page (opens in a new tab)

In force from Dec 31, 2023.

Rules 69A-60.002 to 69A-60.005

Requires compliance with NFPA 1 and NFPA 101, Florida 2021 Editions, as the Florida Fire Prevention Code, including its referenced energy storage standard.

Source: Florida Department of State · Florida Administrative Code, Chapter 69A-60 page (opens in a new tab)

In force from Dec 31, 2023.

Fla. Stat. 718.113 (condo EV and NGV charging)

Condo associations may not prohibit or restrict a charger in an owner's designated parking space; owner meets codes, uses licensed installer, insures, and pays costs. multifamily, condo owners.

Source: flsenate.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force Jul 1, 2018. In force from Jul 1, 2021.

Fla. Stat. 366.94 (EV charging stations)

Non-charging vehicles may not occupy charging spaces; Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services sets rules on sale method, labeling and price posting. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Apr 14, 2012.

s. 193.624

Requires property appraisers to exclude the value of renewable energy source devices, including photovoltaic modules, inverters, and storage devices, from assessments. The exclusion is 100 percent for residential devices and 80 percent for nonresidential devices installed on or after Jan 1, 2018.

Source: Florida Senate, Florida Statutes · s. 193.624, F.S. (opens in a new tab)

s. 553.791

Allows owners to use private providers for plans review and inspections, including single-trade review of solar energy and energy storage installations. Requires local officials to decide permits within set business-day deadlines, or some permits are deemed approved.

Source: Florida Legislature, Online Sunshine · s. 553.791, F.S. (opens in a new tab)

s. 633.206

Requires uniform statewide firesafety standards for energy storage systems, which the State Fire Marshal implements through Chapter 69A-73, F.A.C.

Source: Florida Legislature, Online Sunshine · s. 633.206, F.S. (opens in a new tab)

Proposed Rule 61G20-1.001

Proposes adopting the Florida Building Code, 9th Edition (2026), as the statewide construction code through the triennial update.

Source: Florida Department of State · Florida Administrative Code, rule 61G20-1.001 page (opens in a new tab)

Proposed Sep 23, 2026.

Chapter 69A-60 proposed rule

Proposes the triennial Florida Fire Prevention Code update, listing NFPA 855 and Chapter 69A-73 energy storage standards among its referenced and covered rules.

Source: Florida Department of Financial Services, Division of State Fire Marshal · Notice of Proposed Rule, Chapter 69A-60 (rules 69A-60.002, .003, .004, .005, and .007), F.A.C. (opens in a new tab)

Proposed Jun 12, 2026.

O.C.G.A. 10-1-220 to 10-1-228 (EV charger kWh measurement and inspection)

Public EV chargers billing per kWh must accurately measure and display electricity delivered; Department of Revenue may inspect; fines up to $1,000. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted May 2, 2023. Takes effect Jan 1, 2027.

HB 1304 plug-in solar

Plug-in solar bill; tracker says deferred to 2027 session.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

HB 86 (2025), Idaho Code 39-4109B (preempts local EV infrastructure mandates)

Cities and counties may not require EV charging equipment, reserved EV spaces or upgraded conduit in new buildings; existing local requirements are preempted. residential, commercial.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Mar 11, 2025.

HB 612 plug-in solar

Plug-in solar bill; tracker says deferred to 2027 session.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

765 ILCS 1085/20 and 1085/25 (EV-capable new residential, SB 40)

New single-family and small multifamily need one EV-capable space per unit with parking; large multifamily all spaces EV-capable; affordable housing phase-in 40 percent from 2026-01-01, 50 percent 2029, 70 percent 2034. residential, multifamily.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force Jun 9, 2023. In force from Jan 1, 2026.

765 ILCS 1085/30 (Electric Vehicle Charging Act, condo and common interest)

Condo and common interest associations may not prohibit or restrict a charger in an owner's designated space; owner uses licensed contractor, insures, and pays costs. multifamily, condo owners.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Jun 9, 2023.

765 ILCS 1085/35 (tenant right to charge)

Tenants may install Level 1 or 2 chargers in an assigned space; landlord may require electricity payment, deposit, and reimbursement of upgrades; licensed contractor and insurance required. multifamily, rental.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Jun 9, 2023.

220 ILCS 5/16-128A (ICC EV charger installer certification)

Vendors installing chargers must meet Illinois Commerce Commission certification, training and insurance requirements and notify the utility; self-install allowed for personal non-commercial use. residential, commercial.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Oct 31, 2011.

SB 3104 plug-in solar

Utah-modeled bill exempting certified low-wattage plug-in systems from interconnection review; sponsor held it in the Senate in April 2026 and may refile in veto session. Original text exempted systems between 400 and 1,200 W; labor and utilities objected over backfeed.

Source: capitolnewsillinois.com (opens in a new tab)

Ind. Code 8-1-2-1.3 (EV charging providers not public utilities)

A person who owns, operates or leases EV chargers for public use is not defined as a public utility. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Mar 11, 2022.

SB 74 / HB 1084 plug-in solar

Plug-in solar bills; tracker says deferred to 2027 session.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

Iowa Code 452A.41 (EV charger inspection)

Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship inspects chargers of licensed electric fuel dealers every two years for accurate metering under NIST Handbook 44; noncompliance reported to Revenue. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted May 2, 2023.

Iowa Code 452A.42 (electricity dealer license)

Selling electricity as vehicle fuel at a non-residence location requires a license from the Department of Revenue. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted May 16, 2019.

HF 2046 plug-in solar

Plug-in solar bill; tracker says deferred to 2027 session.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

HB 2255 (2025), K.S.A. 83-201, 83-208, 83-219, 83-501 (EV charging station inspection)

Department of Agriculture may inspect and test charging stations against weights and measures standards for selling electricity; fines up to $5,000. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Apr 8, 2025.

KRS 224.20-770 (fueling station zoning)

Local governments may not prohibit or limit retail filling stations, including locations allowing EV chargers, where similar businesses may locate. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Apr 12, 2024.

La. R.S. 3:4602 and 3:4604 weights and measures

Lets the Commission of Weights and Measures regulate commercial metering devices, including those measuring electricity sold at EV charging stations. public and commercial chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

La. R.S. 45:1622-1623 EV charging station promotion; PSC Docket R-36131

Directs state support for a charging network with better charger quality and user experience; EV charging providers are not public utilities. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

La. R.S. 51:3042 alternative fuel access

Bars local governments from adopting rules that limit consumer access to alternative fuels, including electricity. public chargers, local permitting.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

LD 1730 An Act to Make Small Plug-in Solar Generation Devices Accessible for All Maine Residents

Makes small plug-in solar devices accessible, with safety standards and protection from extra utility fees and paperwork. Terms not confirmed; 800 W appears only as a savings estimate.

Source: legiscan.com (opens in a new tab)

Enacted Apr 6, 2026. In force from Jul 15, 2026.

33 M.R.S. 576-A EV charging stations allowed (SP 457, 2025)

Voids condominium declaration or bylaw provisions that prohibit or unreasonably restrict EV chargers in unit or limited common element spaces; board must decide within 60 days or application is deemed approved. condominium owners.

Source: legislature.maine.gov (opens in a new tab)

“any provision of a declaration or bylaw that either prohibits or places an unreasonable restriction”

In force from Jan 1, 2026.

35-A M.R.S. 313-A, 3201 EV charging not utility service

Entities selling electricity only for EV charging are not regulated as electricity providers; submetered charge limited to kWh used. commercial chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

HB 467 (2023) accessible EV charger working group

Directs the Transportation Commissioner to study charger accessibility and recommend standards for local codes. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

HB 1532 Utility RELIEF Act (plug-in solar provisions)

Omnibus act changing permitting, inspection and interconnection for certain residential solar; news says it exempts plug-in systems from utility fees and interconnection. News: 1,200 W cap per meter, UL listing (exempt 391 W or less), customer notice, utility may require disconnect switch.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted May 12, 2026.

EV charger registration with Dept. of Agriculture weights and measures

Chargers used in commercial transactions must be registered, $150 per charger. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jan 1, 2026.

HB 830 (2023) Residential Construction or Significant Renovation - EV Charging; Public Safety 12-205

New homes with garage, carport or driveway need a Level 2 charger, EV-ready or EV-capable space; multifamily common lots need a charger plus EV-capable percentages rising over time. residential new construction and multifamily.

Source: mgaleg.maryland.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force from Oct 1, 2023.

PSC Order 88997 (Case 9478), Public Utilities 7-901 to 7-905

Utility-installed Level 2 chargers must maintain 97% uptime. utility-installed public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Real Property 11-111.4 and 11B-111.8 association EV charger policies (SB 144, 2021)

HOAs and condominiums cannot bar EV chargers in an owner's designated parking space but may set reasonable limits; owner pays. HOA and condominium owners.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Transportation 11-145.1 and 21-1003.2 charging space rules

Only plugged-in EVs may use charging spaces; $100 fine; signage required. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

225 CMR 28.00

Pays solar incentives per kWh; systems of 25 kW AC or less get a flat $0.03 per kWh, or $0.06 for low-income customers. Paired storage earns an energy storage adder, listed at $0.04 per kWh for program year 2026.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources · 225 CMR 28.00 (SMART 3.0) (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Sep 11, 2026.

225 CMR 29.00

Requires local governments to accept consolidated permit applications by Oct 1, 2026 for solar under 25 MW and storage under 100 MWh. Decisions are due within 12 months, or the permit is approved by default. Storage of 250 kWh or less and accessory behind-the-meter systems skip the site suitability rules.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources · 225 CMR 29.00 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jul 1, 2026.

Energy Facilities Siting Board

Sets baseline standards requiring storage facilities under state siting rules to be Listed to UL 9540, meet UL 9540A testing, and follow NFPA 855. It also requires emergency response plans with local fire officials, hazard signage, and incident reports to the town within one week.

Source: Energy Facilities Siting Board · Energy Facilities Siting Board, 980 CMR 13.00 Regulation Guidance, Attachment 2: Uniform Set of Baseline Health, Safety, Environmental, and Other Standards (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jul 1, 2026.

225 CMR 29.00 guideline

Sets minimum standards under 225 CMR 29.00 for storage facilities that seek a consolidated local permit. They include NFPA 855, listing to UL 9540, UL 9540A testing, setbacks, and a 125 percent decommissioning surety.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Energy Resources · Public health, safety, and environmental standards guideline (opens in a new tab)

Published May 22, 2026.

980 CMR 13.00 through 17.00

Sets Energy Facilities Siting Board procedures for consolidated permits, state review of local decisions, site suitability analysis, pre-filing engagement, and approval by default.

Source: Energy Facilities Siting Board · Consolidated permit rulemaking page (opens in a new tab)

Adopted May 20, 2026.

NSTAR Electric Company d/b/a Eversource Energy

Sets one utility's interconnection rules, including a simplified track for listed inverter systems of 25 kilowatts or less. The utility must authorize interconnection within five business days once requirements are met. Group studies may use export limits for integrated storage.

Source: NSTAR Electric Company · Interconnection tariff M.D.P.U. No. 55D (opens in a new tab)

In force from May 1, 2026.

527 CMR 12.00

Requires installations permitted after Apr 24, 2026 to meet the 2026 National Electrical Code with Massachusetts amendments. It changes solar photovoltaic warning label rules, deletes Article 691, and requires outdoor service disconnects at one- and two-family homes.

Source: Board of Fire Prevention Regulations, Department of Fire Services · 527 CMR 12.00 (Massachusetts Electrical Code, based on the 2026 NEC) (opens in a new tab)

In force from Apr 24, 2026.

ConnectedSolutions small-scale battery program details

Pays $275 per kW for behind-the-meter batteries of 50 kW or less that discharge during 30 to 60 summer peak events. The rate is locked for five years. It can be combined with the Solar Massachusetts Renewable Target program and net metering. Storage that charges from the grid and exports cannot net meter.

Source: Cape Light Compact · Residential battery program materials (opens in a new tab)

Published Mar 13, 2026.

Attorney General decision on the Town of Blandford's solar and battery storage moratorium

Disapproved the town's temporary moratorium on large ground-mounted solar and battery storage, so it never took effect. It found that battery storage systems count as solar energy systems that state zoning law protects.

Source: Massachusetts Attorney General's Office · Municipal Law Unit decision (opens in a new tab)

Published Mar 11, 2026.

D.P.U. 25-48

Revised the model interconnection tariff that each utility's own tariff follows. As proposed, it raised the Simplified Process limit from 15 kW to 25 kW and opened faster review paths to storage.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities · D.P.U. 25-48 (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Feb 10, 2026.

MassDEP Guidance on Electric Battery Storage and Electric Vehicle Chargers

Summarizes existing rules, including a fire department permit above 20 kWh, or above 1 kWh at one- and two-family homes, and listing to UL 9540. It says most lithium-ion batteries are hazardous waste that can be managed as universal waste. Fire departments must approve storage decommissioning plans.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection · Guidance on electric battery storage, Aug 2025 (opens in a new tab)

Published Aug 20, 2025.

D.P.U. 24-140 through D.P.U. 24-149

Approves, with modifications, the 2025 to 2027 efficiency plans, including an improved demand response program that controls customer batteries and thermostats during system peaks. It also cuts the plan budgets by $500 million.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities · D.P.U. 24-140 through D.P.U. 24-149, Order on the 2025-2027 Three-Year Energy Efficiency Plans (Feb 28, 2025) (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Feb 28, 2025.

220 CMR 18.00

Requires utilities to credit net metering facilities; Class I runs to 60 kW, and Class I systems of 25 kW or less are cap exempt. Requires that energy storage systems not count as on-site load when qualifying for cap exemptions.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities · 220 CMR 18.00 net metering regulation (opens in a new tab)

In force from Dec 20, 2024.

Chapter 239 of the Acts of 2024, sections 84-86 (M.G.L. c.183A)

Condo associations and historic district commissions cannot prohibit or unreasonably restrict owner EV chargers; written decision required, deemed approved after 60 days. condominium owners.

Source: mass.gov (opens in a new tab)

“cannot prohibit or unreasonably restrict Electric Vehicle (EV) charger installations by property owners”

In force as of Nov 20, 2024.

780 CMR

Requires building construction to meet the 2021 International Codes with Massachusetts amendments.

Source: Board of Building Regulations and Standards · 780 CMR (tenth edition), Massachusetts State Building Code (opens in a new tab)

In force from Oct 11, 2024.

780 CMR 51.00

Requires home energy storage to get building permits and inspections, follow the state electrical code, and have smoke and carbon monoxide alarms. Requires solar electrical work under the state electrical code and allows alternative ridge setbacks in sprinklered homes.

Source: Board of Building Regulations and Standards · Residential code chapter 3, tenth edition (opens in a new tab)

In force from Oct 11, 2024.

State Fire Marshal memo to building inspectors and fire prevention officers

Says storage installations permitted on or after Dec 9, 2022 must meet the prescriptive rules of the latest edition of 527 CMR 1.00. It ends the Jun 7, 2021 alternatives for one- and two-family homes.

Source: Department of Fire Services, Office of the State Fire Marshal · State Fire Marshal memo to building inspectors and fire prevention officers, Mar 1, 2023 (opens in a new tab)

Published Mar 1, 2023.

TSRG Common Technical Standards Manual

Lists utility technical requirements for connecting inverters and storage, such as inverters Listed to UL 1741 and IEEE 1547 trip functions. It is a reference, and each utility's own requirements control.

Source: Technical Standards Review Group · Common technical standards manual, Dec 2022 (opens in a new tab)

Published Dec 22, 2022.

527 CMR 1.00 (2021 edition)

Adopts NFPA 1 (2021 edition) with Massachusetts amendments as the state fire code.

Source: Department of Fire Services · 527 CMR 1.00 (2021 edition), Massachusetts Comprehensive Fire Safety Code (opens in a new tab)

In force from Dec 9, 2022.

St. 2022, c. 179, § 72

Under this section, each utility filed a tariff setting operating limits for energy storage connected to its grid. The Department of Public Utilities reviewed them in D.P.U. 23-115, 23-117, and 23-126.

Source: Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities · St. 2022, c. 179, § 72 (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Aug 11, 2022.

St. 2022, c. 179, §§ 13 and 24

Allows clean energy matching grants, including for energy storage technologies, to go to municipal colleges and public schools. Allows energy efficiency programs to combine efficiency and electrification with renewable generation and storage.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · St. 2022, c. 179, §§ 13 and 24 (opens in a new tab)

In force as of Aug 11, 2022.

225 CMR 9 and M.G.L. c.25B section 5 EVSE efficiency

EV chargers sold in the state must meet DOER efficiency standards. all chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

780 CMR 13 section C405.13 EV-ready spaces

New commercial parking must include EV-ready spaces scaled by total spaces, 1 to 10 percent capped at 16. commercial new construction.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Ch. 329 (2022) Cambridge association charger policy

Bars associations from blocking homeowner charger installation in assigned parking. HOA owners in Cambridge.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

DOER Advancing Massachusetts Power energy storage grant program

Funds energy storage through a $47 million state grant program with community resilience, long-duration storage, and safety and education tracks.

Source: Department of Energy Resources · DOER Advancing Massachusetts Power (AMP) energy storage grant program (opens in a new tab)

M.G.L. c.25A 16B-16E public charger requirements

Paid public chargers must offer access without mandatory subscriptions and report location, hours and payment to AFDC. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

M.G.L. c.98 section 59 charging station standards and inventory

Division of Standards inventories public stations and verifies price and energy accuracy. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

St. 2024, c. 239, § 23

Local governments must decide consolidated permits for solar under 25 MW and storage under 100 MWh within 12 months. Otherwise the permit is approved by default. The Department of Energy Resources sets siting standards, and applicants may seek a new state review of local decisions.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · St. 2024, c. 239, § 23 (G.L. c. 25A, § 21) (opens in a new tab)

St. 2024, c. 239, § 74

Requires large clean energy facilities, including storage of 100 MWh or more, to get one consolidated permit from the Energy Facilities Siting Board. The board must decide within 15 months. Smaller solar and storage facilities may seek a board permit or a new state review of local decisions.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · St. 2024, c. 239, § 74 (G.L. c. 164, §§ 69T-69W), with definitions in §§ 50-58 (G.L. c. 164, § 69G) (opens in a new tab)

527 CMR 1.00 (2024 Edition)

Proposes moving the state fire code to NFPA 1 (2024 edition) with Massachusetts amendments. Energy storage would follow NFPA 855 (2026 edition), with permits required above the Table 52.1.1 thresholds.

Source: Department of Fire Services · Proposed amendments to 527 CMR 1.00 (opens in a new tab)

Proposed Oct 15, 2026.

H.5641

Proposes allowing Becket to adopt a six-month moratorium on large-scale solar and battery storage, excluding batteries accessory to individual residential use.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · H.5641, 194th General Court (House Docket 6290) (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Aug 4, 2026.

H.5175

An earlier House draft, H.5151, proposed a statewide storage incentive program and a state permitting platform for home solar and storage. The Senate passed its own text, and a conference committee has had the bill since Jul 16, 2026.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · H.5175, 194th General Court (House draft H.5151 as amended; Senate text S.3143) (opens in a new tab)

Passed both chambers Jul 1, 2026.

SD.3182

Proposes requiring local approval for permitting battery storage facilities.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · SD.3182, 194th General Court (Senate docket; no Senate bill number shown) (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Apr 1, 2026.

S.2270

Proposes requiring each electric company to run a virtual power plant program paying customer-sited distributed energy resources for peak load reduction. Proposes a goal of distributed resources equal to 20 percent of state load by 2035 and interconnection performance incentives.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · S.2270, 194th General Court (Senate Docket 2553) (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Dec 15, 2025.

SD.3224

Proposes establishing buffer zones for battery storage facilities.

Source: Massachusetts Legislature · SD.3224, 194th General Court (Senate docket; no Senate bill number shown) (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Oct 2, 2025.

H5175 energy affordability omnibus (plug-in solar provisions reported by tracker)

Energy omnibus in conference committee as of 2026-07-16; trackers say it carries plug-in solar rules (proposed 1,200 W, no permit or utility notice). Proposed 1,200 W cap per tracker.

Source: malegislature.gov (opens in a new tab)

2024 PA 68, MCL 559.301 et seq. (HOA energy-saving improvements)

Association provisions that bar or require approval for EV supply equipment installed by a member are unenforceable; excludes common areas and shared roofs. HOA and condominium owners.

Source: hopb.co (opens in a new tab)

In force from Apr 2, 2025.

MCL 460.10a-10q EV charging electricity dealer license

Selling electricity as vehicle fuel at a non-residential location requires a license; charging providers are not public utilities. commercial and public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

HB 5764 small portable solar generation devices

Would add section 115 to 2008 PA 295 setting regulations for small portable solar generation devices.

Source: legislature.mi.gov (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Mar 19, 2026.

Minn. Stat. 239.90 retail EV charging labeling and inspection

Retail chargers must display price, power level and fees, comply with NEC Article 625; Commerce inspects annually with a $100 per port fee. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Minn. Stat. 325F.185 EV charger requirements

Chargers must work with any EV make or model, meet state safety and SAE standards, and support bidirectional charging where feasible. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Minn. Stat. 296A.051 public charger operator license

Public charger operators need an annual license from the Revenue commissioner. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Takes effect Jul 1, 2027.

HF 3439 (2023-24) EV-ready and EV-capable building code requirement

Would require EV-ready, EV-capable spaces and chargers in new commercial, multifamily and residential buildings and remove the under-four-unit exemption; laid over in committee April 2024. new construction.

Source: revisor.mn.gov (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Apr 11, 2024.

HF 1139 (2025-26) EV charging in new construction

Later session bill on EV charging in new construction; contents and status not verified. new construction.

Source: revisor.mn.gov (opens in a new tab)

SF 4504 plug-in solar

Plug-in solar bill; tracker says deferred to 2027 session.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

Miss. Code 65-1-181 to 65-1-181.01 EV charger partnerships

Transportation Commission may partner with private firms on charging stations; stations must meet minimum standards the Commission sets, with periodic inspection allowed. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Miss. Code 77-3-3 public utility definition

Resellers of electricity for EV charging are end-use customers, not public utilities. commercial and public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Mo. Rev. Stat. 386.020 electric corporation definition

Entities that offer or operate EV chargers are not electric corporations unless they produce or sell wholesale electricity. commercial and public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Mo. Rev. Stat. 67.288 local charger mandate preemption

Bars local governments from requiring EV chargers or charging infrastructure in parking lots owned or leased by churches or nonprofits; voluntary installation stays allowed. church and nonprofit parking lots.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

HB 2528 / HB 2444 plug-in solar

Plug-in solar bills; tracker says deferred to 2027 session.

Source: brightsaver.org (opens in a new tab)

SB 228 (2025); MCA 15-70-801 to 805 public charging station requirements

Public stations above 25 kW must register with MDT within 30 days, post rates and install meters; legacy stations must add vehicle-delivery metering by 2028; 3 cents/kWh tax. Home and HOA chargers exempt. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Enacted and in force from Jul 1, 2025.

MCA 69-8-803 EVSE not a public utility

Operators of electric vehicle supply equipment are not classified as public utilities under this section. commercial and public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Neb. Rev. Stat. 81-121 sanctioned-parts certificate

Entities receiving state funds for commercial chargers must certify no components come from OFAC-sanctioned entities. commercial chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Neb. Rev. Stat. 70-1002 DC fast charger limits and EVITP contractor requirement

Limits when utilities may own DC fast chargers (distance and right-of-first-refusal rules, changing 2028); state or federally funded chargers must be installed by EVITP-certified contractors. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Takes effect Jan 1, 2028.

NRS 484B.468 EV charging space parking

Bars parking in EV charging spaces unless actively charging; fines up to $750. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

NRS 704.021 EV charging not a public utility

Operators of facilities supplying electricity for EV charging are outside the public utility definition. commercial and public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

SB 152 (2025) EV charging in common-interest communities

Would bar associations from prohibiting owners installing EV chargers in exclusive-use areas and allow common-area chargers. HOA and condominium owners.

Source: archive.leg.state.nv.us (opens in a new tab)

“the executive board shall not and the governing documents must not prohibit a unit's owner or an occupant of a unit”

NH SB 540-FN (2026) relative to plug-in solar generation systems

Allows portable plug-in solar generation devices without utility approval, fees or interconnection review; utilities may offer an optional after-installation report. 1,200 W AC inverter output, one system per metered customer; anti-islanding/rapid shutdown listed to industry standards; receptacle listed for the purpose; one section may take effect 2027-01-01.

Source: gc.nh.gov (opens in a new tab)

“A maximum of one 1200 watt AC inverter output system shall be allowed per metered customer.”

Enacted and in force from Jul 2, 2026.

HB 111 (2023) study committee on EV charging for renters

Created a study committee on accessible charging for residential renters; no charging right enacted. multifamily renters.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

N.H. RSA 236:133-134 public EV charger requirements

Publicly funded chargers must provide universal access, accept multiple payment options without required subscriptions, report to AFDC; only EVs may park in charger spaces. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

N.H. RSA 374-F, 374-G EV charging program authority

Lets PUC and Department of Energy set standards and rate mechanisms for utility EV charging programs. utility programs.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

NJ S2368/A4836 Garden State Balcony Solar Act

Exempts qualifying plug-in solar devices from utility interconnection and metering requirements; bars municipal bans or permit requirements and broad landlord/HOA bans. 1,200 W max; standard 120 V outlet.

Source: nj.gov (opens in a new tab)

“exempts qualifying plug-in solar devices of up to 1,200 watts”

Enacted Sep 1, 2026.

P.L.2021 c.171 EV charging make-ready and permitted accessory use

Statewide: EVSE and make-ready spaces are permitted accessory use; new multifamily (5+ units) and non-residential developments with preliminary site plan approval must provide make-ready spaces. multifamily and commercial new development.

Source: nj.gov (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jul 9, 2021.

N.J.S. 40:55D-66.18 make-ready permitting at existing buildings

Make-ready spaces at existing buildings can be approved through a zoning permit if bulk and construction code requirements are met. existing buildings.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

N.J.S. 45:22A-48.4 association charger right

Residential associations cannot bar a charger in a homeowner's designated parking space but may impose reasonable restrictions. HOA and condominium owners.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

N.J.S. 48:25-2, 48:25-12 97% uptime for incentive-funded chargers

State-incentivized chargers must meet 97% uptime. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

N.J.S. 52:27D-141.11 builder charger offer

Developers of single-family homes with designated parking must offer to install a charger for the buyer. single-family new construction.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

NMSA 62-3-4 resale of electricity as motor fuel

Non-utility entities reselling electricity as motor fuel are not public utilities. commercial and public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

NMSA 62-8-12 utility transportation electrification

On PRC request, utilities must file applications to expand transportation electrification, which may include charging infrastructure. utility programs.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

PSC Cases 18-E-0130, 14-E-0423, and 00-E-2054

Allows customer-sited batteries to join one utility's direct load control demand response through a bring-your-own-battery option. Requires utilities to report more data on longer-term demand response programs for storage.

Source: New York State Department of Public Service · PSC Cases 18-E-0130, 14-E-0423, and 00-E-2054, Commission action Apr 16, 2026 (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Apr 16, 2026.

Public Service Law Article VIII and 16 NYCRR Parts 1100, 1101, and 1102

Requires state siting permits for renewable facilities of 25 MW or more, including storage co-located with them. Standalone battery storage is excluded.

Source: New York State Department of Public Service · Renewable energy siting regulatory documents page (opens in a new tab)

In force from Mar 9, 2026.

NYS Standardized Interconnection Requirements

Requires utilities to use uniform interconnection procedures for distributed generation and energy storage systems of 5 MW or less. Requires UL 1741 SB certification for expedited review of inverter systems over 50 kW and up to 300 kW.

Source: New York State Department of Public Service · New York State Standardized Interconnection Requirements (SIR) for distributed generators and energy storage systems 5 MW or less, effective Feb 9, 2026 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Feb 9, 2026.

2025 Fire Code of New York State

Requires electrical energy storage systems to meet Section 1207 of the 2025 state Fire Code from Dec 31, 2025. The section reproduces material based on NFPA 855, 2023 edition.

Source: New York State Department of State · 2025 Fire Code of New York State, Section 1207 (Electrical Energy Storage Systems), adopted Jul 25, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Dec 31, 2025.

2025 Uniform Code and Energy Code update

Requires building permit applications filed from Dec 31, 2025 to follow the 2025 state building, residential, fire, and energy codes. Allowed either the 2020 or 2025 Uniform Code between the Oct 1, 2025 notice and that date.

Source: New York State Department of State · 2025 Uniform Code and Energy Code update, 19 NYCRR Parts 1219-1229 and 1240; adopted Jul 25, 2025, amended Dec 5, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Dec 31, 2025.

Inter-Agency Fire Safety Working Group

Studies battery storage fires and recommended fire code changes, which the state adopted Jul 25, 2025, effective Dec 31, 2025. Requires independent peer review for NYSERDA-supported projects, withholding incentives otherwise.

Source: NYSERDA · NYSERDA, New York State Inter-Agency Fire Safety Working Group (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Jul 25, 2025. In force from Dec 31, 2025.

1 RCNY 3616-07 with companion 1 RCNY 101-19

Requires indoor energy storage systems above 1 kWh, including in one- and two-family homes, to meet NFPA 855 (2020) as amended by the city. Requires storage filing, installation, and decommissioning to follow companion rule 101-19, which adopts UL 9540 and UL 9540A.

Source: NYC Department of Buildings · 1 RCNY 3616-07 (NFPA 855 amendment) with companion 1 RCNY 101-19, effective Oct 26, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Oct 26, 2025.

PSC Case 18-E-0130, Mar 21, 2025 order

Funds 3,000 MW of bulk storage through Index Storage Credit solicitations with price and non-price scoring and duration categories. Requires funded lithium-ion projects of 600 kWh or more outside New York City to get preconstruction peer review.

Source: New York State Public Service Commission · Order Approving Bulk Implementation Plan With Modifications, Mar 21, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Mar 21, 2025.

PSC Case 18-E-0130, Feb 13, 2025 action

Funds NYSERDA's retail and residential storage incentive programs by approving their implementation plan, toward 1,500 MW retail and 200 MW residential by 2030. Requires changes letting grid operator distributed resource participants qualify for retail incentives.

Source: New York State Department of Public Service · PSC Case 18-E-0130, Commission action Feb 13, 2025, retail and residential energy storage program Implementation Plan (opens in a new tab)

Adopted Feb 13, 2025.

PSC Case 15-M-0180

Requires residential and community solar providers to register with the Department, give a standard disclosure, and honor a three-day rescission right. Also requires truthful marketing, baseline savings forecasts, and prompt complaint responses.

Source: New York State Department of Public Service · PSC Case 15-M-0180, Uniform Business Practices for Distributed Energy Resource Suppliers, effective Oct 27, 2024 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Oct 27, 2024.

PSC Case 18-E-0130, Jun 20, 2024 order

Funds a NYSERDA residential storage incentive for 200 MW and a retail storage incentive for 1,500 MW more by 2030. Requires three bulk storage procurements toward a 6 GW statewide goal.

Source: New York State Public Service Commission · Order Establishing Updated Energy Storage Goal and Deployment Policy, Jun 20, 2024 (opens in a new tab)

In force from Jun 20, 2024.

3 RCNY 608-01

Requires outdoor stationary battery systems in the city to keep 10-foot setbacks and requires FDNY permits for lithium-ion systems over 20 kWh. Also requires a certificate of fitness holder, remote monitoring, and warning signs for larger systems.

Source: Fire Department of the City of New York · 3 RCNY 608-01 (FDNY, Outdoor Stationary Storage Battery Systems) (opens in a new tab)

In force from Oct 1, 2019.

NYSERDA New York State Battery Energy Storage System Guidebook

Proposes a model local law that municipalities may adopt for permitting residential, commercial, and utility-scale battery storage. Local governments keep authority to review, approve, and permit projects.

Source: NYSERDA · NYSERDA New York State Battery Energy Storage System Guidebook, including model law (opens in a new tab)

Real Property Law 339-LL condominium EV charging

Condo associations cannot prohibit chargers in owners' spaces; owners use a licensed installer and carry insurance. condominium owners.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Real Property Law 343 homeowners association EV charging

HOAs cannot bar chargers in a homeowner's designated space; owner pays installation and upkeep. HOA owners.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

S 787 (2025) NYPA EVolve NY wheelchair-accessible spaces

NYPA-involved public chargers must include, where feasible, a space for wheelchair-accessible EVs. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

State Finance Law 19-A make-ready requirements

New publicly funded and non-residential parking must be make-ready (10% for 50-200 spaces, 20% above 200). commercial and public parking.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Town of North Hempstead Town Code Chapter 76

Requires town bodies to refuse to accept, review, or approve applications for battery energy storage facilities until Nov 18, 2026, unless extended.

Source: Town of North Hempstead · Town Code, Chapter 76 (opens in a new tab)

Vehicle and Traffic 1202 charging space and signage

Charging spaces limited to vehicles actively charging; permanent signage required. public chargers.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

S 801 (2025); Energy Law 104(9) EV-ready building standards

After Dec. 31, 2026, new buildings with off-street parking need EV-ready and installed charging spaces under code council specs. new construction.

Source: afdc.energy.gov (opens in a new tab)

Takes effect Dec 31, 2026.

A10354B

Proposes a statewide virtual power plant program paying households and businesses whose batteries and other devices support the grid at peak. Proposes utility-filed compensation rates and streamlined interconnection for participants.

Source: New York State Senate · A10354B, 2025-2026 session (GREAT Act) (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Jun 1, 2026.

NY S.8512-C / A.9111-C SUNNY Act

Would allow plug-in solar without utility approval; installers file an online form with the utility. 1,200 W; nationally recognized lab safety listing; takes effect immediately if signed.

Source: pv-magazine-usa.com (opens in a new tab)

Passed one chamber May 31, 2026.

S5781B / A6270C

Proposes requiring local authorities serving over 5,000 residents to adopt a no-cost automated residential solar permitting platform by Jun 30, 2027. Proposes optional storage coverage and remote inspections.

Source: New York State Senate · S5781B / A6270C, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

In committee since May 28, 2026.

A6996

Proposes banning new battery energy storage siting, construction, and permits in Assembly District 64, except industrial zones and small residential uses, through Dec 31, 2034.

Source: New York State Senate · A6996, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

In committee since May 18, 2026.

A8328

Proposes banning new battery energy storage siting, construction, and permits in Nassau and Suffolk counties, except industrial zones and small residential uses.

Source: New York State Senate · A8328, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

In committee since May 18, 2026.

S2470 / A6198

Proposes a property tax abatement for electric energy storage equipment placed in service from Jan 1, 2027 until Jan 1, 2029. Each year's abatement would be the lesser of 10 percent of costs, taxes due, or $62,500.

Source: New York State Senate · S2470 / A6198, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

Passed one chamber May 18, 2026.

S1385

Proposes raising the home solar tax credit from 25 to 40 percent, capped at $10,000 and refundable, with storage equipment counting. Proposes municipal permits for large renewable facilities, ending state override of local laws.

Source: New York State Senate · S1385, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Mar 18, 2026.

S1527A / A313A

Proposes exempting the sale, use, and installation of commercial energy storage equipment from state sales tax. Proposes adding storage to labor peace and prevailing wage provisions.

Source: New York State Senate · S1527A / A313A, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Mar 2, 2026.

A10268 / S8923

Proposes banning tier two storage systems, over 600 kWh, within 1,000 feet of residential zones, schools, or hospitals in cities of one million or more.

Source: New York State Senate · A10268 / S8923, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Feb 20, 2026.

S7197B / A6955C

Proposes 750-foot setbacks from residential property for battery storage systems of 3 MW or more, or 300 feet in cities of one million or more. Also proposes a public hearing before permitting and state model local laws.

Source: New York State Senate · S7197B / A6955C, 2025-2026 session (opens in a new tab)

In committee since Feb 11, 2026.